Once the Spanish subdued the indigenous voice in Mesoamerica, a long period of expansionism followed. As New Spain learned about the rich natural resources in the lands of the north, the insatiable hunger for domination of land and the indigenous spirit guided them towards and throughout the desert lands of what we now know as northern Mexico and the American Southwest.

Learn about the creation of the Northern Frontier of Mexico, New Spain, the merging of what was left of Indigenous wisdom with Spanish culture, religion, way of life. The birth of the Mestizo and later Mexican identity.

The Era of the Spanish Northern Frontier

Spanish-Mexican Indian Relations in Northern Frontier

Spanish-Mexican Institutions in the Southwest